Straightness - deviation from straightness

Japanese: 真直度 - しんちょくど（英語表記）deviation from straightness

Straightness refers to the degree of deviation of a linear feature from a geometrically correct straight line. When a linear feature is examined closely, it can have not only one-dimensional deviation in one direction, but also three-dimensional deviation (Figure 1). If we consider a linear feature with deviation in only one direction, the degree of deviation is expressed as the distance between two parallel, geometrically correct lines when the linear feature is sandwiched between them so that the area it occupies is minimized (Figure 2). For a linear feature that shows three-dimensional variation, the linear feature is enclosed in a cylinder and straightness is expressed by the diameter of the smallest cylinder.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

真直度とは対象とする直線形体の幾何学的に正しい直線からの狂いの大きさをいう。直線形体を細かく見ると，一次元的な1方向への狂いばかりでなく，三次元的な狂いをもっている(図1)。いま1方向だけの狂いをもつ直線形体について考えると，その直線形体の占める領域が最小となるように，平行な二つの幾何学的に正しい直線で挟んだときの2直線の間隔で狂いの大きさを表す(図2)。三次元的な変動を示す直線形体では，その直線形体を円筒で包み，もっとも径の小さい円筒の直径で真直度を表す。

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