Cardiac dilatation

Japanese: 心臓拡張 - しんぞうかくちょう（英語表記）cardiac dilatation

This refers to a condition in which the volume of the heart's cavity has increased. This condition is common in the atria and can be easily restored by treatment, but ventricular dilation occurs gradually and is accompanied by hypertrophy, making it difficult to restore when it becomes severe. In cases such as aortic valve regurgitation, the ventricles expand to more than four times their normal size. When the internal diameter expands, the tension on the walls increases even with the same internal pressure, which further promotes dilation. This condition occurs when the heart is burdened by heart diseases such as valvular heart disease, extreme overwork, anemia, etc. For example, in mitral valve stenosis, blood from the left atrium does not flow sufficiently to the left ventricle, and in mitral valve regurgitation, blood flow from the left ventricle flows back into the left atrium.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

心臓の内腔の容積が増大した状態をいう。心房では起こりやすく，治療によって復元しやすいが，心室の拡張は徐々に起こり，肥大をも伴い，高度になると復元しにくい。大動脈弁閉鎖不全などでは，正常の4倍以上も心室が拡大する。内径が拡張すると，同じ内圧でも壁にかかる張力は増大し，これがさらに拡張を助長する。心臓弁膜症などの心臓の病気や，極端な過労，貧血などによって，心臓に負担がかかることによって起こる。たとえば，僧帽弁狭窄症では左心房の血液が十分左心室へ流れなくなり，僧帽弁閉鎖不全では左心室の血流が左心房に逆流する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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