Shiloukasen - Shiloukasen

Dates of birth and death unknown. A translator of Buddhist scriptures from the Great Yuezhi kingdom, which ruled from northern Afghanistan to the Gandhara region. His original name was Lokakema, and he was abbreviated to Zhiqian. He came to Luoyang at the end of the reign of Emperor Huan of the Han dynasty, and translated the "Path of the Perfection of Wisdom Sutra," "Shuryogon Sutra," "Pandithami Sutra," and others into Chinese during the Guanghe and Zhongping eras (178-189) of Emperor Ling (reigned 168-189). The "Path of the Perfection of Wisdom Sutra" is particularly important, as it influenced the Xuandan (philosophical discussions) of the Wei and Jin dynasties. In addition, the "Panshu Samadhi Sutra" is famous as the sutra that introduced Amitabha Buddha to China. Along with An Shigao, he is praised as the oldest translator of Buddhist scriptures into Chinese. According to the "Chu Tripitaka Jishu," his translations total 13 volumes and 27 volumes, all of which are Mahayana scriptures.

[Arata Okayama February 16, 2017]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

生没年不詳。アフガニスタン北部よりガンダーラ方面を支配した大月氏(だいげっし)国出身の仏典翻訳者。原名はローカクシェーマLokakema。支讖と簡称する。漢の桓帝(かんてい)末に洛陽(らくよう)にきて、霊帝(れいてい)（在位168～189）の光和・中平年間（178～189）に『道行般若経(どうぎょうはんにゃきょう)』『首楞厳経(しゅりょうごんきょう)』『般舟三昧経(はんじゅざんまいきょう)』などを漢訳した。『道行般若経』は魏晋(ぎしん)の玄談(げんだん)（哲学的問題を論じたもの）にも影響を与え、とくに重要である。また、『般舟三昧経』は阿弥陀仏(あみだぶつ)を中国に紹介した経典として有名である。安世高(あんせいこう)と並び、最古の仏典漢訳者としてたたえられる。『出三蔵記集』によれば、訳経は13部27巻に及び、すべて大乗経典である。

［丘山　新　2017年2月16日］

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