In-laws - Gaiseki

Japanese: 外戚 - がいせき

Generally refers to maternal relatives, as opposed to paternal relatives, such as consanguineous relatives. In China, it refers to the family of an empress or empress dowager. In Japan, in the early Nara period, Fujiwara no Fuhito had his two daughters marry Emperor Mommu and Emperor Shomu, becoming maternal relatives of the imperial family and laying the foundation for the prosperity of the Fujiwara clan. In the mid-Heian period, they used their status as maternal relatives to become regents and chancellors, and established their power. Fujiwara no Michinaga in particular influenced politics as regent for three of his grandsons, Emperor Go-Ichijo, Go-Suzaku, and Go-Reizei. →Sekkan politics

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

一般に母方の親族をいい，父方の親族の内親・内戚に対する。中国では皇后または皇太后の一族をいう。日本では奈良初期，藤原不比等(ふひと)が２人の娘を文武(もんむ)天皇・聖武天皇に入内(じゅだい)させ，皇室の外戚となり藤原氏繁栄の基礎を築いた。平安中期には外戚の地位を利用して摂政・関白に就き，権力を確立。なかでも藤原道長は，外孫の後一条(ごいちじょう)・後朱雀(ごすざく)・後冷泉(ごれいぜい)の３天皇の摂政として政治を左右した。→摂関政治

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