Phagocyte - Phagocyte

Japanese: 食細胞 - しょくさいぼう
Phagocyte - Phagocyte

These are cells found in animals that exhibit migratory or similar properties, and use phagocytic activity to take in foreign substances within the body and break them down. In higher vertebrates, phagocytes include white blood cells, histiocytes, macrophages in the lungs and peritoneal cavity, and cells of the reticuloendothelial system (reticulum cells in the bone marrow, spleen, and lymph nodes, and Kupffer cells in the liver), and they process bacteria, fungi, viruses, as well as dead cells and solid matter through phagocytosis, helping to defend and clean the body. They are also found in sponges, annelids, and echinoderms, and are responsible for the intracellular digestion of food particles and the excretion of waste materials. In unicellular animals, food vacuoles perform intracellular digestion and play the role of phagocytes.

[Sumio Takahashi]

[References] | Phagocytic activity | Food vacuole | Macrophage

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

動物体内にみられ遊走性またはそれに類した性質を示す細胞で、食細胞活動により体内の異物を細胞内に取り入れ分解する。高等脊椎(せきつい)動物では白血球や組織球、肺や腹腔(ふくこう)のマクロファージ、細網内皮系の細胞(骨髄、脾臓(ひぞう)、リンパ節の細網細胞、肝臓のクッパー細胞)などが食細胞で、細菌、真菌、ウイルスのほかに、死んだ細胞や固形物を食作用により処理し、生体の防衛や清掃に役だっている。海綿動物、環形動物、棘皮(きょくひ)動物などにもみられ、食物粒子の細胞内消化や、不用物の排出を行う。単細胞動物では、食胞が細胞内消化を行い、食細胞の役割を担っている。

[高橋純夫]

[参照項目] | 食細胞活動 | 食胞 | マクロファージ

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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