Education aimed at cultivating emotional sensitivity. Emotions are different from emotions, which are temporary, intense feelings such as anger, fear, joy, and sadness. Sentiments are said to be divided into the following categories: scientific (logical) sentiments that pursue truth, moral (ethical) sentiments that resonate with and pursue goodness, aesthetic (artistic) sentiments, and religious sentiments. In other words, emotional education can be said to be about respecting the interests and concerns of each child and student and cultivating these emotions while encouraging them to pursue these. In Japan, due to a situation where school education places too much emphasis on knowledge based on credentialism, and interest in religion and traditional culture is weaker than in other countries, there has long been a need for and need for greater development of emotional education. Article 2, paragraph 1 of the current Fundamental Law of Education, enacted in 2006, newly defines the goal of education as "to acquire wide-ranging knowledge and culture, to cultivate an attitude of seeking the truth, to cultivate rich sensibility and morality, and to develop a healthy body." Specifically, schools are expected to develop sensibility education mainly through subjects such as moral education classes, music, and art (drawing and crafts), but throughout the entire school life based on the classroom, teachers must provide activities and experiences that will enrich and nurture the sensibility of students. Of course, deliberate and planned efforts at home are also essential, but it can be said that there are many environments and opportunities for the budding sensibility of students in the social space of a school, where a diverse range of students gather. [Yumiko Kawaguchi and Hirofumi Hamada] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
情操を育むことを目標にした教育。情操は、怒りや恐れ、喜び、悲しみなどのように一時的に激しく現れる感情の動きである情動(emotion)とは異なる。 情操は、次のように区分されるといわれている。真理を追究する科学的(論理的)情操、善に共鳴しそれを追究する道徳的(倫理的)情操、そして、美的(芸術的)情操、宗教的情操である。すなわち、情操教育とは、ひとりひとりの児童・生徒の興味や関心を尊重し、これを追求させながら、こうした情操を育んでいくものであるといえる。日本においては、学歴主義を背景とした知識偏重の学校教育や、宗教や伝統文化に対する関心が他国と比較して弱いといった状況から、従来から情操教育のよりいっそうの必要性・発展が求められてきた。 2006年(平成18)に制定された現行の教育基本法第2条1では、教育の目標を「幅広い知識と教養を身に付け、真理を求める態度を養い、豊かな情操と道徳心を培うとともに、健やかな身体を養うこと」と新たに定められている。学校においては具体的に、道徳の時間や音楽、美術(図画工作)といった教科を中心として情操教育の展開が期待されるが、学級を基盤とした学校生活全体を通じて、教師は児童・生徒の情操が豊かに育まれるような活動・体験を提供しなければならない。むろん、家庭における意図的・計画的な働きかけも不可欠であるが、多様な児童・生徒が集う学校という社会的空間において、彼らの情操が芽生える環境・契機は多く存在しているといえる。 [川口有美子・浜田博文] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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