Shokiran - Shokiran

Japanese: ショウキラン - しょうきらん
Shokiran - Shokiran

A perennial plant of the orchid family (APG classification: Orchidaceae). It is a leafless, green, saprophytic plant. The rhizome is elongated and slightly branched. In July and August, several flowers appear at the end of a white, reddish flower stalk about 20 cm tall. The flowers are pale pink, rather large, and about 2 cm in diameter. The petals and lip are helmet-shaped, the lip has a thick spur, and bends forward. The sepals are half-open or open. A species endemic to Japan, it grows under coniferous forests and is found mainly on the Sea of ​​Japan side of southern Hokkaido to Kyushu. The name is a reference to the statue of Shoki, which is associated with the Japanese samurai, from the flower. The closely related yellow orchid Y. amagiensis Nakai et F.Maek. has pale yellow flowers and a prominently branched rhizome. It is found mainly on the Pacific side of Kyushu, from the Kanto region west of Honshu.

The genus Acanthurus is characterized by waxy pollinia, terminal inflorescences, slipper-shaped lips, etc. Two Japanese species are known, as well as one in Taiwan and one in the Himalayas.

[Ken Inoue May 21, 2019]

[Reference item] | Yellow lily

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ラン科(APG分類:ラン科)の多年草。無葉緑の腐生植物。根茎は伸長し、わずかに分枝する。7~8月、高さ約20センチメートルの白色で赤みを帯びた花茎の先に数個の花をつける。花は淡紅色を帯び、やや大形で径約2センチメートル。花弁と唇弁はかぶと状、唇弁には太い距(きょ)があり、前方へ曲がる。萼片(がくへん)は半開き、または開出する。日本の特産種で、針葉樹林下に生え、北海道南部から九州のおもに日本海側に分布する。名は、花から鍾馗を連想したものである。近縁のキバナノショウキランY. amagiensis Nakai et F.Maek.は花が淡黄色で、根茎の分枝が著しい。関東地方以西の本州から九州のおもに太平洋側にかけて分布する。

 ショウキラン属は、ろう質の花粉塊、頂生の花序、スリッパ状の唇弁などで特徴づけられる。日本種2種のほか、台湾に1種、ヒマラヤに1種知られる。

[井上 健 2019年5月21日]

[参照項目] | キバナノショウキラン

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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