Antisemitism (English spelling) Antisemitismus [Germany]

Japanese: アンチ･セミティズム（英語表記）Antisemitismus[ドイツ]

Literally, it is anti-Semitic, but it is generally used to mean anti-Semitism, and is often used to refer to modern anti-Semitism, which arose especially since the late 19th century in countries where emancipation of Jews was more or less complete, such as Germany and France, and which is different in nature from the traditional discrimination against Jews that existed since the Middle Ages. In Europe until the late 18th century, Jews were defined exclusively as people of Jewish faith, and their status was determined by their membership in the Jewish religious community. In modern times, as society became more secular and the class system collapsed, civil rights were granted to Jews, which led to emancipation of Jews.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

字義どおりには反セム人主義であるが，一般にはひろく反ユダヤ主義の意味で用いられ，またとくに19世紀末以降ドイツ，フランスなどユダヤ教徒解放が一応完了した諸国に起こり，中世以来の伝統的なユダヤ教徒差別とは性格を異にする近代反ユダヤ主義をさすことも多い。18世紀末までのヨーロッパでは，ユダヤ人とはもっぱらユダヤ教徒のことであり，ユダヤ教団への所属によって規定される身分であった。近代に入って社会の世俗化と身分制原理の崩壊がすすむにつれ，ユダヤ教徒への市民的権利の賦与，すなわちユダヤ教徒解放がおこなわれた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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