Ahn Chang-ho

Korean enlightenment activist and independence activist. Born in Daedong County, South Pyongan Province. He participated in the Independence Association movement at the end of the Yi Dynasty, and later went to America, where he felt a strong need for the expansion of civil rights. After returning to Korea, he organized the Shinminhue. He also established the Daesung School in Pyongyang and the Osan School in Jeongju, and worked to train leaders for the national movement. In 1911, he was implicated in an attempted assassination of Governor-General Terauchi Masatake, and returned to the United States, where he lived in exile. During his exile in 1913, he organized the Heungsadan in America, and worked to train the nation's capabilities. After the March 1st Independence Movement, he served as Minister of the Interior and Minister of Labor for the Shanghai Provisional Government, and worked to settle internal disputes within the Provisional Government and called for the unity of the anti-Japanese front. In 1932, he was arrested by the Japanese authorities in connection with the Yun Bong-gil Incident in Shanghai, and sent back to Korea where he served three years in prison. In 1937, he was rearrested in connection with the Doyukai Incident, a domestic organization of the Heungsadan, and died in prison. Throughout his 59 years of life, Ahn maintained that the path to national independence was through the steady development of the capabilities of each individual Korean.

[Kang Deok-sang]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

朝鮮の啓蒙(けいもう)運動家、独立運動家。平安南道(へいあんなんどう／ピョンアンナムド)大同郡に生まれる。李朝(りちょう)末期の独立協会の運動に参加、のちアメリカに行き、民権拡張を痛感し、帰国後、新民会を組織した。また平壌(ピョンヤン)に大成学校、定州(ていしゅう／チョンチュ)に五山学校を設立し、民族運動の幹部人材の養成に努めた。1911年、寺内正毅(まさたけ)総督暗殺未遂事件に連座し、再渡米、亡命生活を送った。亡命中の1913年、アメリカで興士団を組織し、民族の実力養成に努めた。三・一独立運動以後、上海(シャンハイ)臨時政府の内務部長、労働部長を歴任し、臨時政府の内紛収拾に努力し、抗日戦線の大同団結を訴えた。1932年、上海での尹奉吉(いんほうきつ)事件で日本当局に逮捕され、朝鮮に送還されて3年間服役。1937年に、興士団の国内組織である同友会事件で再逮捕され、獄中で死去した。59年間の生涯での安の主張は、朝鮮人個々の着実な実力養成こそ民族独立の道ということであった。

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