Schwabe - Heinrich Samuel Schwabe

German amateur astronomer. Born into a family of pharmacists. Graduated in pharmacy at the University of Berlin in 1812 and took over his father's business. During that time he became interested in astronomy and botany. He particularly aspired to discover an unknown planet inside Mercury, and devoted himself to astronomical observation. In 1827 he discovered a change in the elliptical shape of Saturn's rings. From 1826 onwards he devoted himself to continuous observation of sunspots in order to detect predicted planetary transits across the sun. In 1843 he confirmed and published his findings, which showed an approximately 10-year cycle of increase and decrease in sunspots. This attracted the attention of Humboldt in 1851, and he received a gold medal from the Royal Astronomical Society.

[Shimamura Fukutaro]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

ドイツのアマチュア天文学者。薬剤師の家に生まれる。1812年ベルリン大学で薬学を修め、父の業を継ぐ。その間天文学や植物学に興味をもつ。とくに水星より内側の未知惑星の発見を志し、天体観測に励む。1827年土星の環(わ)の長円形状の変化を発見。1826年以来、予想惑星の太陽面通過を検出するため、太陽黒点の連続観測に精進。1843年その結果黒点の約10年周期の増減を確認し公表した。これが1851年フンボルトの注意をひき、王立天文協会から金賞を受けた。

［島村福太郎］

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