Shumeimon-in

A female emperor in the Kamakura period. Fujiwara Shigeko. Also known as "Sumeimon'in." Her father was Fujiwara Norisue and her mother was Taira Kyoshi. She entered the harem of Emperor Gotoba and gave birth to Prince Morinari (later Emperor Juntoku) in 1197 (Kenkyu 8). In 1207 (Shogen 1), she was appointed as the third junior prince and became a female emperor, taking the name Shumeimon'in. At this time, Fujiwara Teika secretly wrote that "Shumei" should be avoided because it was the name of the wife of King Fuchai of Wu. In 1221 (Shokyu 3), after the defeat in the Jokyu War, Emperor Gotoba was exiled to Oki and Emperor Juntoku was exiled to Sado, and Shumeimon'in became a nun in the capital. Her Buddhist name was Hoshokaku. He declined all of the titles, official titles, ranks, fukuboku, and shiryo stipends, but inherited the estate of Emperor Shichijo (Gotoba's mother), and after Gotoba's death, he was in charge of memorial services.

[Ikuyo Nomura]

Yoko Nunoya, "The Royal Family and the Memorial Ceremonies for Gotoba after the Jōkyū Rebellion" (included in Tokuhiko Ushita's "Regions and Religion in the Middle Ages" 2005, Yoshikawa Kobunkan) ▽ Sachiko Kaneko et al., "Encyclopedia of Japanese Women's History" (2008, Yoshikawa Kobunkan)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鎌倉時代の女院。藤原重子(じゅうし)。「すめいもんいん」とも。父は藤原範季(のりすえ)。母は平教子(きょうし)。後鳥羽天皇の後宮に入り、1197年（建久8）守成(もりなり)親王（のちの順徳天皇(じゅんとくてんのう)）を出産。1207年（承元1）准三宮(じゅさんぐう)に叙せられ、女院となり修明門院と号す。藤原定家はこのとき密かに、「修明」は呉王夫差(ごおうふさ)夫人の名ゆえ避けるべきと記した。1221年（承久3）承久の乱の敗北により、後鳥羽上皇は隠岐(おき)へ、順徳上皇は佐渡に流され、修明門院は都で出家した。法名は法性覚(ほうしょうかく)。院号および年官・年爵・封戸・諸司例給など一切を辞退した。その一方で七条院（後鳥羽母）領荘園を相続し、後鳥羽死後は追善仏事を担当した。

［野村育世］

『布谷陽子著「承久の乱後の王家と後鳥羽追善仏事」（羽下徳彦編『中世の地域と宗教』所収・2005・吉川弘文館）』▽『金子幸子他編『日本女性史大辞典』（2008・吉川弘文館）』

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