Born: September 24, 1739, Chijobo [Died] October 16, 1791. Bessarabian Russian politician and soldier. Duke. Born in Belarus of Polish noble blood. In 1762, he participated in the coup d'état of Catherine II (the Great) and was recognized by the Empress. He distinguished himself in the war with Turkey from 1768 to 1774 and was appointed general and count. From that year (1774) he became Catherine's fifth lover for two years, and in 1776 he became governor-general of New Russia (Ukraine), Azov, and Astrakhan. In 1783, he achieved the annexation of Crimea to Russia and was given the title of Prince of Tauricesky (Crimea). In 1784, he became a marshal. He reformed the military government and founded the Black Sea Fleet. He became commander-in-chief in the Russo-Turkish War from 1787 to 1792, but his indecisiveness ended up getting in the way of General AV Suvorov. He died of illness in 1891 while on his way to conclude a peace treaty with Türkiye at the behest of Catherine the Great. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1739.9.24. チジョボ [没]1791.10.16. ベッサラビア ロシアの政治家,軍人。公爵。ポーランド貴族の血をひいて白ロシアに生れた。 1762年エカテリーナ2世 (大帝) のクーデターに参加して女帝に認められ,68~74年のトルコとの戦争で手柄を立て,大将,伯爵に任じられた。この年 (1774) から2年間エカテリーナの第5番目の恋人となり,76年には新ロシア (ウクライナ) ,アゾフ,アストラハンの総督に就任。 83年にはクリミアのロシアへの併合を実現し,タウリチェスキー (クリミア) 公の称号を受けた。 84年元帥。軍政改革を行うとともに黒海艦隊を創設。 87~92年の露土戦争では総司令官となったが,不決断から A.V.スボーロフ将軍のじゃまをする結果となった。 91年エカテリーナの命令でトルコとの平和条約締結におもむく途中,病没。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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