Born June 27, 1882 in Großlichterfelde, near Berlin Died: September 17, 1963. Tübingen German philosopher, psychologist, and pedagogue. He studied under W. Dilthey and F. Paulsen at the University of Berlin, and became professor at Leipzig in 1911, Berlin in 1920, and Tübingen in 1946. He visited Japan in 1936 and gave lectures in various places. He was influenced by Dilthey's methodology, but he advocated a "spiritual scientific psychology" as his own position. He also took the position of cultural philosophy, which sees culture as various cultures rather than as a single culture, and in his main work, Lebensformen (1914), he considered how humans relate to culture and divided humans into six basic types: theoretical man, economic man, aesthetic man, social man, authoritative man, and religious man. He also contributed to the history of the European mind, pedagogy, especially university education, and philosophy of religion. His other works include W. v. Humboldt und die Humanitätsidee (09), Zur Psychologie des Verstehens (Psychology of Understanding) (18), Psychology of Adolescents (Psychology of Youth) (24), Das deutsche Bildungsideal der Gegenwart (The Modern German Educational Ideal) (28), Die Magie der Seele (Magic of the Soul) and Kulturpathologie (Cultural Pathology) (47). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
[生]1882.6.27. ベルリン近郊グロースリヒターフェルデ [没]1963.9.17. テュービンゲン ドイツの哲学者,心理学者,教育学者。ベルリン大学で W.ディルタイ,F.パウルゼンの指導を受け,1911年ライプチヒ,20年ベルリン,46年テュービンゲンの各大学教授。 36年には来日し,各地で講演を行なった。ディルタイの方法論の影響を受けたが,みずからの立場としては「精神科学的心理学」を提唱。また,文化を一文化ではなく,諸文化としてとらえる文化哲学の立場に立ち,主著『生の諸形式』 Lebensformen (1914) では文化に対する人間のかかわり方を考察し,人間の基本的な類型として,理論的人間,経済的人間,美的人間,社会的人間,権力的人間,宗教的人間の6つに区分した。ほかに,ヨーロッパ精神史,教育学ことに大学教育,宗教哲学の分野にも貢献。その他の著書『フンボルトと人間性の理念』 W. v. Humboldt und die Humanitätsidee (09) ,『了解の心理学』 Zur Psychologie des Verstehens (18) ,『青年心理学』 Psychologie des Jugendalters (24) ,『現代ドイツの教育理想』 Das deutsche Bildungsideal der Gegenwart (28) ,『たましいの魔術』 Die Magie der Seele (47) ,『文化病理学』 Kulturpathologie (47) 。 出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
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