A branch of pediatrics that deals with childhood diseases that have causes before birth, i.e. congenital anomalies, and aims to diagnose, treat, and prevent them. It was established due to recent advances in genetics, embryology, molecular biology, and epidemiology, and organizes various aspects that were previously vaguely described as constitution, predisposition, congenital weakness, and genetic disease. It was proposed by G. Fanconi and Tadao Takatsu (1965). [Significance of the prenatal period] The genetic traits of both parents are passed on as genes to their gametes (sperm and egg), and when they combine into a fertilized egg, a pair of genes determines a single trait of the child. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
出生前に原因をもつ小児疾患,すなわち先天異常を対象とし,その診断・治療・予防を目的とする小児科学の一分野。近年の遺伝学,発生学,分子生物学,疫学の進歩により確立されたのであり,従来,体質,素因,先天性弱質,遺伝病など漠然と表現されていた種々相が整理されている。ファンコーニG.Fanconi,高津忠夫によって提唱された(1965)。 [出生前期の意義] 両親の遺伝形質は遺伝子として配偶子(精子と卵子)に伝えられ,それらが合体した受精卵の1対の遺伝子によって児の一つの形質が決定される。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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