Maternity leave to protect the motherhood of female workers. It is also called maternity leave for short. Article 65, paragraph 1 of the Labor Standards Act (Law No. 49, 1947) stipulates that if a woman who is due to give birth within six weeks requests leave, the employer must not allow her to work, and paragraph 2 stipulates that a woman who has not yet passed eight weeks since giving birth must not be allowed to work (however, a woman who has passed six weeks since giving birth may work if she requests it and is given permission by a doctor). The difference is that the latter is a compulsory leave, while the former requires a request by the female worker. In addition, with the amendment of the Labor Standards Act following the establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Law (1985), maternity leave was extended from six weeks to eight weeks, and in Japan, it has finally reached the level of ILO Recommendation No. 95 (1952), which recommended 14 weeks of maternity leave. However, in Japan, the law still does not clearly state that full wages are to be paid during the leave. [Yoshio Yuasa] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
婦人労働者の母性を保護するための産前産後の休暇。略して産休ともいう。労働基準法(昭和22年法律49号)第65条第1項は、6週間以内に出産する予定の女子が休業を請求した場合、使用者はその者を就業させてはならないこと、また第2項では、産後8週間を経過しない女子を就業させてはならないことを定めている(ただし、産後6週間を経過した女子は、本人が請求した場合、医師が許可すれば就労することができる)。後者が強制的な休暇であるのに対して、前者は婦人労働者の請求を要件としている点に相違がある。なお、男女雇用機会均等法の成立(1985)に伴う労働基準法の改正によって、産後の休暇は6週間から8週間に延長され、わが国においても、産前産後を通じて14週の休暇を勧告したILO95号勧告(1952)の水準にようやく到達した。しかし、わが国の場合、依然として休暇中の賃金に関しては全額支給が法律上明記されていない。 [湯浅良雄] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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