Born: February 27, 1861 in Kraljevik, Austria [Died] March 30, 1925. Dornach, Switzerland. Austrian-born mystic and spiritualist. From 1889 to 1896, he was in charge of editing the natural science papers for the Collected Works of Goethe (→ Goethe) in Weimar, Germany. At first, influenced by Ernst Haeckel and Friedrich Nietzsche, he took a free-thinking stance and opposed mysticism, but in 1901 he joined Theosophie and in 1902 became secretary of the German branch of the Theosophical Society. In 1912, he founded the Anthroposophie and founded Anthroposophie. In 1913, he built the Goetheanum in Dornach near Basel, Switzerland, which was positioned as a "school of spiritual science" (it burned down in 1922). He also invented a dance form of expression called Eurythmy. Steiner schools, founded in 1919, provide education based on anthroposophy, and by the beginning of the 21st century there were more than 1,000 schools in the world. His main works include "The Philosophy of Freedom" (1894), "Goethe's World View" (1897), "Theosophie" (1904), and "Eurythmie als sichtbare Sprache" (1927). Steiner |
[生]1861.2.27. オーストリア,クラルイェビック [没]1925.3.30. スイス,ドルナッハ オーストリア生まれの神秘思想家,心霊主義者。1889~96年ドイツのワイマールで『ゲーテ全集』(→ゲーテ)の自然科学関係の論文編集を担当した。最初,エルンスト・ヘッケル,フリードリヒ・ニーチェの影響のもとに自由思想の立場に立ち,神秘主義に反対したが,1901年神智学 Theosophieに入り,1902年神智学会ドイツ部会の秘書となった。1912年にはみずから人智学会を設立し,人智学 Anthroposophieを創始した。1913年スイスのバーゼル近郊ドルナッハに「精神科学の学校」という位置づけのゲーテアヌムを建設(1922焼失)。またオイリュトミーと呼ばれる舞踊表現法を考案した。1919年に創設されたシュタイナー学校は人智学に基づいた教育を行ない,21世紀初頭までに世界中で 1000校をこえた。主著『自由の哲学』Die Philosophie der Freiheit(1894),『ゲーテの世界観』Goethes Weltanschauung(1897),『神智学』Theosophie(1904),"Eurythmie als sichtbare Sprache"(1927)。 シュタイナー
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