German statistician. Born into a staunch Protestant family of grain merchants in Berlin. He studied languages, medicine, anatomy, and botany at a monastery and anatomical institute in Berlin, but also went on to study mathematics, theology, and philosophy at the universities of Halle and Jena. He served as a regimental chaplain in the First Silesian War, and wrote his major work, The Divine Order (first published in 1741), while in the field. In it, he made quantitative observations of data on human births, deaths, marriages, and other events collected widely from each parish, and revealed the existence of certain quantitative laws in population phenomena. He considered this law to be the divine order, which was, in essence, nothing other than the application of probability theory to social phenomena. For this reason, he is regarded as one of the founders of modern statistics. [Taro Kimura] "The Order of God, translated by Iwasaburo Takano and Tatsuo Morito (1949, Kurita Shoten / reprint edition, 1969, Daiichi Publishing)" ▽ "Matsukawa Shichiro, "Johann Peter Süssmilch - A Sketch of His Life" (included in "Business Studies Review", Vol. 14, No. 4, 1973, Chuo University Press)" [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツの統計学者。ベルリンの穀物商で熱烈な新教徒の家庭に生まれる。ベルリンの僧院や解剖学研究所で語学、医学、解剖学、植物学などを学んだが、さらにハレおよびイエナの大学に入り、数学、神学、哲学などを学んだ。第一次シュレージエン戦争に連隊付き牧師として従軍し、陣中で主著『神の秩序』(初版1741年)を著したが、それは、人間の出生、死亡、婚姻などの諸資料を、広く各教区から集めて数量的観察を行い、人口現象のなかに一定の数量的法則が存在することを明らかにしたものであった。彼はこの法則性こそ神の秩序であると考えたが、それは要するに、社会現象に確率論を適用したものにほかならない。その点から、近代統計学の開祖の一人と評価されている。 [木村太郎] 『高野岩三郎・森戸辰男訳『神の秩序』(1949・栗田書店/復刻版・1969・第一出版)』▽『松川七郎「ヨハン・ペーター・ズュースミルヒ――その生涯の素描」(『商学論纂』第14巻4号所収・1973・中央大学出版部)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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