Bishop, Elizabeth

Japanese: ビショップ（英語表記）Bishop， Elizabeth

Born: February 8, 1911 in Worcester, Massachusetts
[Died] October 6, 1979. Boston. American female poet. After graduating from Vassar College, she traveled around the world and lived in Brazil for nearly 20 years. She was a prolific writer, and her major collections of poems include North and South (1946), its expanded edition Poems: North & South - A Cold Spring (55, Pulitzer Prize), Questions of Travel (65), Complete Poems (69, National Book Award), Geography III (77), and Complete Poems 1927-1979 (83, posthumous publication). Although they are few in number, they use beautiful colloquial language to sing of profound contemplation of nature. His other works include The Collected Prose (84, published posthumously), which includes short stories and travelogues.

Bishop
Bishop, John Michael

Born February 22, 1936, York. American medical scientist and virologist. After graduating from Gettysburg College (1957), he entered Harvard Medical School and earned his PhD (62). He specialized in viruses at the National Institutes of Health before moving to the University of California, San Francisco, where he became a professor (72). In 1981, he also served as director of the GF Hooper Research Foundation at the university. In collaboration with HE Varmus, he discovered that oncogenes are also present in normal cells. He clarified that these genes acquire the ability to cause cancer in cells through the action of chemicals or when taken up by viruses. The two men's research was a major achievement in elucidating the mechanism of carcinogenesis, and they were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1989.

Bishop
Bishop, Sir Henry Rowley

Born: November 18, 1786, London
[Died] April 30, 1855, London. British composer and conductor. He served as conductor at theatres such as Covent Garden and Haymarket. In 1848, he became professor of music at Oxford University. He was a specialist in composing light operas, but today he is best known for "Home Sweet Home" and "Hear, Skylark."

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1911.2.8. マサチューセッツ，ウースター
[没]1979.10.6. ボストン
アメリカの女流詩人。バッサー・カレッジ卒業後，世界各地を旅行，ブラジルには 20年近く住んだ。寡作な作家で，おもな詩集は『北と南』 North and South (1946) ，その増補版『北と南－冷たい春』 Poems:North ＆ South－A Cold Spring (55，ピュリッツァー賞) ，『旅の疑問』 Questions of Travel (65) ，『全詩集』 Complete Poems (69，全米図書賞) ，『地理 III』 Geography III (77) ，『全詩集　 1927－1979』 Complete Poems 1927-1979 (83，死後出版) など数少いが，美しい口語を駆使して奥深い自然観照を歌っている。ほかに短編小説，旅行記などを含む『全散文集』 The Collected Prose (84，死後出版) など。

ビショップ
Bishop， John Michael

[生]1936.2.22. ヨーク
アメリカの医学者，ウイルス学者。ゲティスバーグ大学卒業 (1957) 後，ハーバード大学医学部に入り博士号取得 (62) 。国立衛生研究所でウイルスを専門に研究，カリフォルニア大学サンフランシスコ校に転じ，同大学教授 (72) 。 1981年から同大学 G.F.フーパー研究財団の所長を兼任。 H.E.バーマスとの共同研究で，癌遺伝子が正常細胞にも存在することを発見。この遺伝子が化学物質の作用やウイルスに取込まれることによって細胞を癌化する能力を獲得することを明らかにした。二人の研究は発癌の仕組みを解明する大きな業績で，89年ノーベル生理学・医学賞を受賞した。

ビショップ
Bishop， Sir Henry Rowley

[生]1786.11.18. ロンドン
[没]1855.4.30. ロンドン
イギリスの作曲家，指揮者。コベントガーデン，ヘイマーケットなどの劇場の指揮者を歴任。 1848年オックスフォード大学の音楽の教授になった。軽歌劇の作曲を得意としたが，今日では『ホーム・スイート・ホーム』『聞け，ひばり』が有名。

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