A prefecture-level city in the southern part of Guangdong Province, China. It is home to one of China's five special economic zones. It is located at the southern end of the Pearl River Delta in the center of the province, and has jurisdiction over the central Xiangzhou District, as well as Doumen District and Jinwan District. In 1953, Zhuhai County was established by splitting off parts of Zhongshan County and other areas, and in 1979 it became a provincial municipality. In 1980, the crescent-shaped coastal area adjacent to Macau was designated a special economic zone and given local legislative powers. The city area includes the land area of the delta as well as 147 offshore islands, with a land area of 1,711.24 square kilometers, and 7,555 square kilometers including sea surface. Population 1,124,500 (2015). Agriculture is centered on rice and sugarcane, with jute, peanuts, tobacco, bananas, lychees, and vegetables also being produced. The offshore Wanshan fishing ground is the province's largest fishing ground, and a large amount of marine products is exported from the many coastal fishing villages. Since being designated a special economic zone, export-oriented companies in the fields of electronics, building materials, textiles, and food have been established here, but it cannot be denied that it is lagging behind Shenzhen. However, earth and rocks used as construction materials are transported to Hong Kong and Macau, and abundant natural gas is produced on the seabed offshore. In terms of transportation, a highway connects Guangzhou and Shenzhen via Humen, and the Guangzhou-Zhuhai Line, which is mainly used for freight transport, passes through Guangzhou, Foshan, and Jiangmen. There is also an air route to Guangzhou. [Michihiro Kono, Editorial Department, January 19, 2017] [Reference] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
中国、広東(カントン)省南部の地級市。中国の5経済特区の一つが置かれる。省中央部の珠江(しゅこう)デルタ南端に位置し、中心部の香洲(こうしゅう)区のほか斗門(ともん)区、金湾(きんわん)区を管轄する。1953年中山(ちゅうざん)県などの一部を割いて珠海県が置かれ、1979年省直轄市となり、1980年マカオに隣接する半月形の臨海地域が経済特区に指定され、地方立法権が与えられた。市域にはデルタ部の陸地のほか、沖合いの147島が含まれ、陸地面積は1711.24平方キロメートル、海面を含めると7555平方キロメートルに達する。人口112万4500(2015)。 農業は水稲、サトウキビを主とし、ジュート、ラッカセイ、タバコ、バナナ、レイシ(ライチ)、野菜類を産し、沖合いの万山(ばんざん)漁場は本省最大の好漁場で、沿岸の多数の漁村からは水産物が多く移出される。特区指定以来、電子、建材、紡織、食品などの輸出向け企業が立地しているが、深圳(しんせん)に比べると立ち後れていることは否めない。ただ建設用資材としての土石類が香港(ホンコン)、マカオに輸送され、また沖合いの海底には豊富な天然ガスの産出がみられる。交通面では高速道路が虎門(こもん)経由で広州(こうしゅう)と深圳に通じており、貨物輸送を主とする広珠線が広州、仏山(ぶつざん)、江門(こうもん)を貫通する。広州とは空路も通じる。 [河野通博・編集部 2017年1月19日] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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