Shugaisho - Shugaisho

This is a book on court officials from the Muromachi period, a sort of encyclopedia. It has 3 volumes. It is also called "Shukai Rakuyosho" or "Ryakuyosho". It was compiled by Toin Kinkata, whose 5th grandson Sanehiro was said to have been his assistant. Kinkata served three generations of emperors, Godaigo, Murayama, and Gokogon, and was a junior first rank and minister of the left and right. He wrote "Entairyaku" and "Koutairyaku". Sanehiro also reached the rank of junior first rank and minister of the left, and was called Higashiyama Safu, and wrote "Myomokusho".

The book is divided into 99 sections, covering topics such as astronomy, geography, and seasonal events, as well as insects, fish, plants, and trees, with the middle volume being devoted to court etiquette. Written in classical Chinese, it is clear and compiles and simplifies records from successive generations for easy memorization and use, which is evidenced by records in the Sanetaka Koki (Sanjonishi) and Tokitsugu Kyoki (Yamashina). It was printed in type in 1613 (Keicho 18), and for the first time included a map of Japan by Gyoki, and maps of Kyoto and the two capitals of the capital. It has been widely used since it was fully revised in 1640 (Kan'ei 17). It was published in 1954 (Showa 29) as Kojitsu Sosho 22 (Yoshikawa Kobunkan).

[Mitsunaga Yayoshi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

室町時代の有職(ゆうそく)中心の類書で、一種の百科事典。3巻。一名『拾芥略要抄』また『略要抄』ともいう。編者は洞院公賢(とういんきんかた)で、その5世の孫実煕(さねひろ)補とされる。公賢は後醍醐(ごだいご)、村山、後光厳(ごこうごん)の3代に仕え、従(じゅ)一位、左・右大臣を歴任し、『園太暦(えんたいりゃく)』『皇代暦(こうたいりゃく)』の著がある。実煕も従一位、左大臣に至り東山左府と称せられ、『名目抄(みょうもくしょう)』の著がある。

　内容は99部に分かれ、天文、地理、歳時から虫魚草木などで、とくに中巻は有職にあてられる。漢文であるが明快で、歴代の記録を集成し、簡略化して、記憶利用の便を図ったため、室町時代公卿(くぎょう)の間に愛用されたことは、『実隆公記(さねたかこうき)』（三条西）や『言継卿記(ときつぐきょうき)』（山科）などの記録で証明される。1613年（慶長18）活字版にして、初めて行基作日本図と京都左右両京図を載せている。1640年（寛永17）整版にして以来、広く通用されるようになった。1954年（昭和29）「故実叢書」22（吉川弘文館）に校訂発行された。

［彌吉光長］

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