Ancient Indian astronomy was not theoretically advanced like Greek astronomy, and developed primarily for the purposes of calendars and horoscopes. Its simple view of the universe formed the basis of the Sumeru-san theory in Japan. Its contents, such as dividing the sky into 27 or 28 mansions and defining a year as 360 days, can be seen in Buddhist scriptures translated into Chinese. Later, under the influence of Greek astronomy, mathematical developments also took place, with Ariabhata at the end of the 5th century and Brahmagupta in the 7th century being active. Astronomical texts that explained the rotation of the Earth also appeared, but no solid logical development was seen and it declined after the 10th century. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
古代インドの天文学は,ギリシアの天文学のように理論的に高度のものではなく,もっぱら暦法と星占いを目的として発達した。その素朴な宇宙観は,日本で須弥山 (しゅみせん) 説の基をなした。天空を分けて 27宿もしくは 28宿とし,1年を 360日と定めるなど,その内容は,漢訳された仏典によってうかがい知ることができる。のちにギリシア天文学の影響下に,数理的な発展もみられ,5世紀末にはアリアバータ,7世紀にはブラフマグプタらが活躍した。地球の自転を説いた天文書も現れたが,確たる論理の発展はみられず,10世紀以後は衰退した。
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