Thanks to recent advances in accelerator technology, various atomic nuclei, from hydrogen to uranium, can now be accelerated to several MeV to several GeV per nucleon. Compared to beams of light atomic nuclei such as protons (hydrogen nuclei), deuterons (heavier hydrogen nuclei), and alpha particles (helium nuclei), beams of heavier atomic nuclei are called heavy ion beams, and collisions that occur when accelerated heavy ion beams are injected into a nuclear target are called heavy ion collisions. The characteristics of nuclear reactions accompanying heavy ion collisions (heavy ion nuclear reactions) vary depending on the energy of the collision and also depend greatly on the magnitude of the collision coefficient. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
近年の加速器技術の進歩により,今日では水素からウランに至るいろいろな原子核が,1核子当り数MeVから数GeVにまで加速されるようになった。陽子(水素の原子核),重陽子(重水素の原子核),α粒子(ヘリウムの原子核)などの軽い原子核のビームに対し,これより重い原子核のビームを重イオンビームと呼び,加速された重イオンビームを原子核標的に入射したときに起こる衝突を重イオン衝突という。重イオン衝突に伴う核反応(重イオン核反応)の様相は,衝突のエネルギーによって異なり,また,衝突係数の大きさに大きく依存する。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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