A desert that straddles Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. It means "red sand" in Turkish. It covers an area of about 300,000 square kilometers. It is sandwiched between the Syr Darya River to the north and the Amu Darya River to the south, and is bordered by the Aral Sea to the northwest. Most of the surface is sand, and part of it becomes the Barchan sand dunes (3-30 meters high, up to 75 meters high, crescent-shaped sand dunes that are convex on the windward side and concave on the leeward side) that move north and south. Summer is hot, with an average temperature of 26-29°C in July. In contrast, it drops to 0-9°C in January. The annual precipitation is 100-200 mm, and most of it falls in winter and spring, making it a very dry climate throughout the year. Fruit trees, wheat, cotton, and other crops are cultivated around the oases, and sheep and horses are pastured. Gypsum and graphite are also mined. [Mamoru Murata] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ウズベキスタンとカザフスタンとにまたがる砂漠。トルコ語で「赤い砂」の意味。面積約30万平方キロメートル。北をシルダリヤ、南をアムダリヤの両河川に挟まれ、北西をアラル海で境される。地表の大部分は砂地で、その一部は南北に移動するバルハン砂丘(高さ3~30メートル、最大75メートル。風上側に凸、風下側に凹の三日月形砂丘)となる。夏は暑く、7月の平均気温は26~29℃。これに対し1月は0~零下9℃に低下する。年降水量は100~200ミリメートル、しかも大部分は冬と春に降るため、年間を通じて著しい乾燥気候となる。オアシス周辺では果樹、小麦、ワタなどが栽培され、ヒツジやウマなどの放牧がみられる。石膏(せっこう)や石墨の採掘も行われている。 [村田 護] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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