1905‐2002 Austrian-born biochemist. After graduating from the University of Vienna, he moved to the United States (1935) and continued his research on nucleic acids at Columbia University (becoming professor in 1952). He established that, although the base composition of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) does not necessarily consist of adenine (A), guanine (G), thymine (T), and cytosine (C) in a quarter-quarter ratio, there is an equal amount of A and T, and G and C, and therefore a relationship that purine (A + G) = pyrimidine (T + C). This so-called "Chargaff's rule" was a major clue in the construction of the DNA double helix model by J.D. Watson and F.H.C. Crick, but Chargaff himself was not awarded the Nobel Prize. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1905‐2002 オーストリア生れの生化学者。ウィーン大学卒業後アメリカに渡り(1935),コロンビア大学で核酸の研究を続けた(1952年に教授)。デオキシリボ核酸(DNA)の塩基組成においてアデニン(A),グアニン(G),チミン(T),シトシン(C)は必ずしも1/4ずつということではないが,AとTおよびGとCの量が等しいという関係,したがってプリン(A+G)=ピリミジン(T+C)という関係があることを確証した。このいわゆる〈シャルガフの規則〉は,J.D.ワトソンとF.H.C.クリックによるDNA二重らせんモデル構築にあたり,大きな手がかりとなったが,シャルガフ自身にはノーベル賞は与えられなかった。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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