A general term for a series of feldspars that belong to the triclinic system and are mainly composed of sodium and calcium. They are classified into six types according to their chemical composition, from those with high sodium content to those with high calcium content: albite, albite, andesite, albite, anorthite, and anorthite. However, only two types, the end members albite and anorthite, are recognized as independent species in mineralogy. Plagioclase plays an extremely important role as a rock-forming mineral. In general, plagioclase with high sodium content is found in acidic igneous rocks, and plagioclase with high calcium content is found in basic igneous rocks. Plagioclase with high sodium content is found in metamorphic rocks formed at low temperatures, and plagioclase with high calcium content is found in metamorphic rocks formed at high temperatures. Plagioclase has various twin crystals, which provide clues for estimating its chemical composition, formation temperature, and occurrence. Its English name comes from the Greek word for an oblique crack, due to the oblique angle of cleavage. [Satoshi Matsubara] [References] | | | system| | | | | |Feldspar| | | [Supplementary information] |Produced on the outer rim of Lake Kuttara, Shiraoi-cho, Shiraoi-gun, Hokkaido ©Shogakukan "> Anorthite Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
三斜晶系に属する、ナトリウムとカルシウムを主成分とする一連の長石類の総称。ナトリウムの多いものからカルシウムの多いものまで、化学組成によって順に、曹長石、灰(かい)曹長石、中性長石、曹灰長石、亜灰長石、灰長石の6種に分類されている。しかし、鉱物学的に独立した種として認められているものは、端成分である曹長石と灰長石の2種類のみである。造岩鉱物としてきわめて重要な位置を占める。一般に火成岩中では、酸性のものにはナトリウムの多い斜長石が、塩基性のものにはカルシウムの多い斜長石が産出する。また低温生成の変成岩にはナトリウムの多いものが、高温生成の変成岩にはカルシウムの多いものが産出する。斜長石は種々の双晶をしており、それによって化学組成、生成温度、産状など推定する手掛りとなる。英名は、劈開(へきかい)による角度が斜めになっているところから、斜めの割れ口を意味するギリシア語に由来する。 [松原 聰] [参照項目] | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | [補完資料] |北海道白老郡白老町 倶多楽湖外輪山産©Shogakukan"> 灰長石 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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