During the French Revolution, this ideology was mainly represented by M. Robespierre and L. Saint-Just. Their social ideals were petty bourgeois egalitarianism, and they advocated a "Republic of small proprietors," arguing that ownership is not a natural right but a social institution and should not be denied but rather limited. In this respect, they agreed with the demands of the sans-culottes, which were expressed in the Law of the Vintose in 1794. However, in political reality, they advocated self-defense of public power to deal with emergencies, in other words, a revolutionary dictatorship, which conflicted with the sans-culottes' idea of direct democracy. The Montagne dictatorship forced the self-defense of state power as a political reality, while guiding the sans-culottes, who shared their social ideals. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
フランス革命において,おもに M.ロベスピエールや L.サン=ジュストらに代表される思想。彼らの社会理念は,小市民階級的平等主義であり,所有権は自然権ではなく社会制度であり否定せず制限されるべきであると「小所有者の共和国」を説いた。この点でサン=キュロットの要求と一致し,それは 1794年のバントーズ法に表明された。しかし,その政治的現実として,非常事態に対処する公権力の自己防衛,すなわち革命独裁を主張し,サン=キュロットの直接民主政理念と対立した。山岳派独裁は,社会理念において一致するサン=キュロットを誘導しながら政治現実としての国家権力の自己防衛を強行するものであった。
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