Social thought

Japanese: 社会思想 - しゃかいしそう(英語表記)social thought
Social thought
Generally speaking, it refers to ideas about how people should live in society. Specifically, it appears in the form of ideologies related to culture, politics, economics, etc. Therefore, it often refers to ideas in which individuals feel some kind of resistance or contradiction toward society, set society as a more or less clear target, and always have at their core an attitude of resisting or aiming to change the existing society. It is easily confused with socialist ideas, but it should be understood as a broader concept than that. In Europe before the 19th century, ideas were thought to develop according to their own grounds and logic, regardless of the actual lifestyle of the people who gave rise to those ideas. However, since the 1840s, the activities of thinkers such as GWF Hegel, LA Feuerbach, KH Marx, F. Engels, and even M. Weber and K. Mannheim have been a major driving force in clarifying that ideas are born in the real activities of people living in certain groups, while being historically and socially regulated, and therefore that the nature of ideas is closely linked to the nature of society.The study of the history of ideas through the dynamic relationship between ideas and society, in which ideas are born in the real activities of people living in certain groups, while being historically and socially regulated, has emerged as a field of study known as the history of social ideas.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
一般には,社会における人間の生き方についての思想をいう。具体的には,文化,政治,経済などに関するイデオロギーという形態をもって現れる。そのため,特に個人が社会に対してなんらかの抵抗,矛盾を感じ,社会を多かれ少なかれ明確な対象として設定し,常に既存の社会に対する抵抗や変革を目指すという態度決定を根底にひそめている思想をいう場合が多い。社会主義思想と混同されやすいが,それよりも広い概念としてとらえるべきであろう。 19世紀以前のヨーロッパでは,思想というものは,その思想を生み出す人間の現実的な生活のあり方とは一応無関係に,それ自身の根拠と論理に従って発展するものと考えられていた。しかし,1840年代以降,G.W.F.ヘーゲル,L.A.フォイエルバハ,K.H.マルクス,F.エンゲルス,さらには M.ウェーバー,K.マンハイムといった思想家の活動が大きな推進力となって,思想というものが一定の集団のなかで,歴史的,社会的に規制されつつ,生活する人間の現実的な営みのなかで生れてくるということ,したがって,思想のあり方が,社会のあり方と密接な結びつきをもっていることが明確化されてきた。このような思想が一定の集団のなかで歴史的,社会的に規制されつつある人間の現実的な生活の営みのなかで生れてくるという,思想と社会との動的な連関を通して思想の歴史を究明する学問が,社会思想史学として生れてきた。

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