1861‐1936 British soldier. He fought in the Zulu War and the Boer War in South Africa. He served on the Western Front in World War I, and in 1917 he became commander of the Egyptian-Syrian front, preparing for the military occupation of Palestine and the British Mandate. He was appointed Special High Commissioner in March 1919 when a rebellion broke out in Egypt against the British protectorate. In February 1922, he gave Egypt a constitution that he himself drafted, and in March, he granted nominal independence as a constitutional monarchy, putting an end to the instability of British rule. In 1924, he dissolved the first parliamentary government, the Zaghloul Wafd Party cabinet, following the assassination of Egyptian army commander Lee Stack (1868-1924), and from 1925 onwards, he almost completely halted the popular anti-British movement. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
1861‐1936 イギリスの軍人。南アフリカでズールー戦争やボーア戦争に参加。第1次大戦で西部戦線で活躍し,1917年エジプト・シリア戦線の司令官となりパレスティナを軍事占領,イギリス委任統治を準備した。また19年3月エジプトでイギリス保護領化反対の反乱が起きるや特別高等弁務官に任命され,22年2月みずから起草した憲法をエジプトに与え,3月立憲君主国として名目的に独立させ,イギリス支配の動揺に終止符を打った。さらに,24年最初の議会政府,ザグルール・ワフド党内閣を,エジプト軍司令官リー・スタックLee Stack(1868‐1924)暗殺事件を契機に解散させ,25年以降大衆的反英運動をほぼ完全に停止させた。 出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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