Shimoda Magistrate

A job title in the Edo Shogunate. One of the magistrates of distant provinces. Established in 1616 (Genwa 2). The capacity was one person (sometimes two, senior councilor, 1000 koku of official salary, 1000 straw sacks of tax, cloth uniform, and fuyo no mazume). Subordinates included the head of the Shimoda magistrate's group, the Shimoda magistrate's inspector, yoriki, doshin, foot soldiers, kakotodori, and ashidome navy master, and their duties included guarding the Izu Shimoda Port (Shimoda City, Shizuoka Prefecture) and inspecting ships and their cargo traveling at sea. Abolished in 1720 (Kyoho 5) (in its place, the Uraga magistrate was established, which lasted until the end of the Edo period). Re-established in 1842 (Tenpo 13), abolished in 1844 (Koka 1). In 1854 (Ansei 1), it was established for the third time. Its capacity was increased to two people (2,000 koku of land, 1,000 straw bales of rice, Shodaibu). In 1859, due to the closure of Shimoda Port, it was abolished the following year (Man'en 1). Its control was transferred to that of the Foreign Magistrate and the Kanagawa Magistrate.

[Kitahara Akio]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸幕府の職名。遠国(おんごく)奉行の一つ。1616年（元和2）創置。定員は1人（ときに2人、老中支配、役高1000石、役料1000俵、布衣(ほい)、芙蓉間詰(ふようのまづめ)）であった。配下に下田奉行支配組頭、下田奉行支配調役(しらべやく)、与力、同心、足軽、水主頭取(かことうどり)、足留(あしどめ)水主などがあり、伊豆下田港（静岡県下田市）の警備や海上往来の船舶およびその貨物の検査を職掌とした。1720年（享保5）廃止（かわって浦賀奉行創置、幕末に及ぶ）。1842年（天保13）再置、44年（弘化1）廃止。54年（安政1）三たび設置。定員2人（役高2000石、役料1000俵、諸大夫(しょだいぶ)）となる。59年下田港の閉鎖により、翌年（万延1）廃止。支配向は外国奉行、神奈川奉行の支配向に転じた。

［北原章男］

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