Shimazu Yoshihisa

A military commander in the Sengoku period. Born on February 9, 1572 (Tenbun 2). His father was Shimazu Takahisa. He was originally called Tadayoshi, but later changed his name to Yoshitatsu, and then Yoshihisa, after receiving the character "yoshi" from the Shogun Ashikaga Yoshiteru. Together with his father Takahisa, he expanded the territorial control of Satsuma and Osumi, and in 1566 (Eiroku 9), he inherited the family headship. In 1572 (Genki 3), he defeated the Ito clan at Kizakibaru in Hyuga, and in 1577 (Tensho 5), he drove out the Ito clan and made the main residences of the three provinces of Satsuma, Osumi and Hito his Sengoku territory. Next, in order to claim Kyushu as his territory, he defeated the Otomo clan in the Battle of Takajo in 1578, the Sagara clan at Minamata Castle in 1581, and the Ryuzoji clan at the Battle of Shimabara in 1584. In 1586, he subjugated the Takahashi clan at Iwaya Castle and almost completely conquered Kyushu, but the following year he surrendered to Toyotomi Hideyoshi, shaved his head, and was granted control of the entire Satsuma province. In 1599, he handed over the family headship to Iehisa, but continued to assist Iehisa. He ruled over various feudal lords as the head of a warring states daimyo and a daimyo under the Toyotomi government, and built the foundation for the country's rise to the modern era. He died on January 21, 1600, at the age of 79. His grave is in the Fukushoji Cemetery in Kagoshima City.

[Yasushi Miki]

"Shimazu National History" edited by Masayoshi Yamamoto (1972, Kagoshima Prefectural Society of Local History)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

戦国時代の武将。天文(てんぶん)2年2月9日生まれ。父は島津貴久(たかひさ)。初め忠良(ただよし)、のち将軍足利義輝(あしかがよしてる)より義の字を得て義辰(よしたつ)、さらに義久と改める。父貴久と薩摩(さつま)、大隅(おおすみ)の領国化を進め、1566年（永禄9）家督を相続した。1572年（元亀3）日向(ひゅうが)木崎原(きざきばる)で伊東(いとう)氏を大破し、1577年（天正5）伊東氏を追い出し薩隅日3か国の本貫地を戦国所領とした。続いて九州を領国にするため1578年高城(たかじょう)合戦で大友氏を討ち、1581年水俣(みなまた)城で相良(さがら)氏を破り、1584年島原合戦で龍造寺(りゅうぞうじ)氏を倒した。1586年岩屋(いわや)城で高橋氏を従わせ、九州をほぼ制圧したが、翌年豊臣(とよとみ)秀吉に降(くだ)り、剃髪(ていはつ)し、薩摩一国を安堵(あんど)された。1599年、家久(いえひさ)に家督を譲ったが引き続き家久を補佐した。戦国大名、豊臣政権下の大名の当主として諸領主を統治し、近世大名化への土台をつくった。慶長(けいちょう)16年1月21日没。79歳。墓は鹿児島市の福昌寺(ふくしょうじ)墓地にある。

［三木　靖］

『山本正誼編『島津国史』（1972・鹿児島県地方史学会）』

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例