Shimazu Tadahisa

A military commander in the early Kamakura period. The first head of the Shimazu clan. According to genealogies such as the Shimazu Family Genealogy, he was the eldest illegitimate son of Minamoto no Yoritomo, his mother was Tango no Tsubone, the younger sister of Hiki Yoshikazu, and he was adopted by Koremune Hiromoto, a steward of the Konoe family, but this is questionable. The more likely theory is that he was originally from the Konoe family. His birth year is unknown, but one theory is that it was 1179 (Jisho 3). His surname was Koremune, and he was later known as Fujiwara. In June 1185 (Bun'i 1), he was appointed as the land steward of Suka Manor in Ise Province and Hadenomikuriya Jitoshiki, and later as the lower official of Shimazu Manor and the land steward of Shioda Manor in Shinano Province. In July 1189, he participated in the conquest of the Oshu Fujiwara clan. In December 1197 (Kenkyu 8), he became the shugo of Osumi and Satsuma, and later also served as the shugo of Hyuga. In September 1203 (Ken'nin 3), he was involved in the rebellion of Hiki Yoshikazu and was dismissed from his position as shugo of the three provinces, but was soon reinstated as the shugo of Satsuma only. In the 13th year of the Kenpo era (1st year of the Kenpo era), he distinguished himself in the Yoshimori Wada Rebellion, and after the Jokyu Rebellion in the 21st year of the Jokyu era (3rd year of the Jokyu era), he was appointed Shugo of Echizen. He first served as Sahyoe no Jo, then Saemon no Jo, and in the 25th year of the Karoku era (1st year of the Karoku era) he was appointed Taifu no Jo, and later Bungo no Kami. He died in Kamakura on June 18th, 3rd year of the Karoku era (3rd year of the Karoku era).

[Shinichi Kikuchi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

鎌倉初期の武将。島津氏の初代。「島津家譜」などの系図類によれば、源頼朝(よりとも)の庶長子、母は比企能員(ひきよしかず)の妹丹後局(たんごのつぼね)で、近衛(このえ)家の家司(けいし)惟宗(これむね)広言の養子とするが疑問。近衛家の家司出自説が有力である。生年については1179年（治承3）説があるが不詳。姓は惟宗、のち藤原とも称した。1185年（文治1）6月、伊勢国(いせのくに)須可荘(すかのしょう)・波出御厨地頭職(はでのみくりやじとうしき)に補任(ぶにん)、以降、島津荘下司職(げししき)・信濃国(しなののくに)塩田荘(しおだのしょう)地頭職に補任された。89年7月の奥州藤原氏征伐に従軍。97年（建久8）12月、大隅(おおすみ)・薩摩(さつま)の守護となり、のち日向(ひゅうが)の守護も兼ねた。1203年（建仁3）9月、比企能員の乱に縁座し、3か国の守護などを罷免されたが、まもなく薩摩の守護にのみ復した。13年（建保1）の和田義盛(よしもり)の乱に戦功をたて、21年（承久3）の承久(じょうきゅう)の乱後には、功により越前(えちぜん)守護となった。官途は、初め左兵衛尉(さひょうえのじょう)、のち左衛門尉(さえもんのじょう)、25年（嘉禄1）大夫尉(たいふのじょう)となり、のち豊後守(ぶんごのかみ)に任ぜられた。嘉禄(かろく)3年6月18日、鎌倉で没す。

［菊池紳一］

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