Capital-intensive industries and labor-intensive industries

Japanese: 資本集約型産業･労働集約型産業 - しほんしゅうやくがたさんぎょうろうどうしゅうやくがたさんぎょう

Industries that use large amounts of capital equipment relative to the labor force or production volume are generally called capital-intensive industries. Labor-intensive industries are the opposite concept. The capital intensity of an industry is usually measured by the ratio of capital to labor, that is, the amount of capital per unit of labor. It is a value that indicates how much capital workers are equipped with on average, and is also called the capital-intensive ratio of labor or simply the capital-intensive ratio. The higher the capital intensity, the more advanced the mechanization and the higher the labor productivity.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

労働力または生産量に対比して大量の資本設備を用いる産業を，一般に資本集約型産業という。労働集約型産業は，その反対概念。産業の資本集約度は，資本量/労働量の比率，すなわち，労働1単位当りの資本で測るのが普通である。労働者が平均的にみてどれだけの資本を装備しているかを示す値であり，労働の資本装備率あるいは単に資本装備率とも呼ぶ。資本集約度が高ければ高いほど，それだけ機械化が進んでおり，労働生産性も高いとされる。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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