Kugasou - Koganosho

This was a manor of the Kuga clan located in Kuga, Otokuni County, Yamashiro Province (Fushimi Ward, Kyoto City). The Kuga family's villa, Kugasuikaku (Kugayamasho), was already built here in the early 12th century, and it eventually supported the family economy throughout the Middle Ages as the Kugahon and Shinsho (Shimo and Kamisho). According to a copy of the inspection book from 1396 (Oei 3), the total area including the pond was over 104 cho of Kamisho and over 50 cho of Shimosho, and there were many nauke (appointed servants) in each, with 9 nauke (appointed servants) in Kamisho and 16 in Shimosho, and the collection of labor and other duties was handled by the "Tomyoshu" (actual head of the household) of these people. The territory of the Kuga clan was confirmed by the Azuchi-Momoyama government, but was abolished when the lord was changed in 1601 (6th year of the Keicho era). The people of Kamisho had a shrine centered around Hishizuma Shrine (Kuga Ishihara-cho, Fushimi Ward), the clan deity of Kamisho.

[Noriko Kurushima]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

山城(やましろ)国乙訓(おとくに)郡久我（京都市伏見(ふしみ)区）にあった久我家の名字地荘園。すでに12世紀初め久我家別邸の久我水閣（久我山荘）がこの地につくられ、やがて久我本・新荘（下(しも)・上(かみ)荘）として中世を通じその家産経済を支えた。1396年（応永3）の検注帳写(うつし)によれば、池などを含む総面積は上荘104町余、下荘50町余で、それぞれ多数の名請(なうけ)人がいたが、上荘で9名、下荘で16名の名(みょう)がみえ、夫役(ぶやく)などの徴発はこれら名の「当名主(とうみょうしゅ)」を責任者とする体制であった。久我家の領知は織豊(しょくほう)政権によっても安堵(あんど)されるが、1601年（慶長6）の領主替えで消滅する。なお上荘の氏神菱妻(ひしづま)神社（伏見区久我石原町）を中心に荘民の宮座があった。

［久留島典子］

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