It is an oxide mineral and a member of the spinel group of minerals. It is an important ore mineral of iron. It occurs in orthomagmatic deposits, metamorphic deposits, sedimentary deposits, alluvial deposits (so-called iron sand), contact metasomatic deposits (skarn-type deposits), and as a minor component mineral in various igneous rocks, metamorphic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and ultramafic rocks. In rare cases, the existence of lavas consisting almost entirely of magnetite has been reported. Its euhedral shape is often complex, including octahedral and orthorhombic dodecahedral, but those in crystalline schists and ultramafic rocks tend to be simple, while those in contact metasomatic deposits tend to be complex. In Japan, many of the deposits are contact metasomatic deposits, such as the Kamaishi Mine (closed) in Iwate Prefecture, the Akagane Mine (closed) in Esashi Ward, Oshu City, and the Sanpo Mine in Kawakami Town, Takahashi City, Okayama Prefecture (merged with the Kinpira Mine in 1999 and renamed the Kinpei Sanpo Mine; Bitchu Town). It is often accompanied by sulfides of iron and copper, and the gangue minerals that coexist with it include ilmenite, ferromagmatic minerals, and serpentine in orthomagmatic deposits, quartz, amphibole, chlorite, and hematite in metamorphic deposits, and calcite, epidote, and ferromagnetite in contact metasomatic deposits. It is said to be strongly magnetic, but pure ferromagnets are not magnetic. [Akira Kato, May 19, 2017] [References] | | | | [Additional information] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
酸化鉱物の一つで、スピネル族鉱物の一員。鉄の重要な鉱石鉱物。正マグマ性鉱床、変成鉱床、堆積(たいせき)鉱床、漂砂鉱床(いわゆる砂鉄)、接触交代鉱床(スカルン型鉱床)中などに産するほか、各種火成岩、変成岩、堆積岩、超塩基性岩などの少量成分鉱物としても産する。まれにほとんど磁鉄鉱からなる溶岩の存在も報告されている。自形は八面体、斜方十二面体をはじめ複雑なものが多いが、結晶片岩や超塩基性岩中のものは単純、接触交代鉱床中のものは複雑という傾向がある。 日本で鉱床として多産したものは接触交代鉱床が多く、岩手県の釜石(かまいし)鉱山(閉山)、奥州(おうしゅう)市江刺(えさし)区の赤金(あかがね)鉱山(閉山)、岡山県高梁(たかはし)市川上町山宝(さんぽう)鉱山(1999年金平(きんぴら)鉱山と合併し金平山宝鉱山と改称。備中町)などが有名である。鉄・銅などの硫化物を伴うことが多く、脈石鉱物として共存するものは、正マグマ性鉱床ではチタン鉄鉱、鉄苦土鉱物、蛇紋石など、変成鉱床では石英、角閃(かくせん)石、緑泥石、赤鉄鉱など、接触交代鉱床では方解石、緑簾(りょくれん)石、灰鉄(かいてつ)ざくろ石などである。強い磁性があるとされるが、純粋なものは磁性はない。 [加藤 昭 2017年5月19日] [参照項目] | | | | [補完資料] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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