Labiche - Eugène Labiche

Japanese: ラビッシュ - らびっしゅ(英語表記)Eugène Labiche
Labiche - Eugène Labiche

French playwright. Born in Paris. The greatest comedic playwright of the 19th century, descended from medieval farce (funny drama), the oldest tradition of French theater. Molière's successors were Regnard and Dancourt (real name Florent Carton, 1661-1725), neither of whom reached the level of moralistic character comedy like Molière's, but the latter is known for inheriting Molière's sharp observational eye, and Labiche is said to be his direct descendant. In his time, it blossomed into a vaudeville comedy that provided bittersweet laughs. "The Italian Straw Hat" (1851, translated into Japanese as "The Housewife and the Straw Hat") is one of his representative works, and it is said that the manager of the Palais Royal did not show much interest in it at first, but was surprised by its great popularity after it was performed. "The Travels of Mr. Périchon" (1860), which added a comic flavor to farce, is also a masterpiece and is still performed today. The total number of works, including collaborations, is 150. The works of Meillac and Daniel Haléby, who are famous collaborators, are set in Paris, and although Labiche represents France like Molière, he lacks the poetic elements of his friend.

[Keisuke Honjo]

"Haruo Umeda's translation of "The Housewife and the Straw Hat" (1948, World Literature Publishing)""Haruo Umeda's translation of "Mr. Perichon's Travels" (1949, World Literature Publishing)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

フランスの劇作家。パリ生まれ。フランス演劇のもっとも古い流れである中世ファルス(笑劇)の系統を引く19世紀最高の喜劇作家。モリエールの後継者にルニャールとダンクールDancourt(本名Florent Carton。1661―1725)の2人がいて、ともにモリエールのようなモラリスト的性格喜劇には及ばなかったが、後者はモリエールの鋭い観察眼を継いだという定評があり、ラビッシュはその直系といわれる。彼の時代にはそれはほろ苦い笑いを供するボードビル喜劇となって開花した。『イタリアの麦わら帽子』(1851。邦訳名『人妻と麦藁(むぎわら)帽子』)はその代表作で、初めパレ・ロアイヤル座の支配人はたいして関心を抱かなかったが、舞台をあけてそのたいへんな人気にびっくりしたという。ファルスにコミックの味をつけた『ペリション氏の旅行記』(1860)も傑作で、いまも上演される。合作を混ぜて作品は150編もある。合作者として有名なメイヤックとダニエル・アレビーの作品はパリが舞台で、ラビッシュはモリエールと同じフランスを代表しているが、彼ほどの詩的要素には乏しい。

[本庄桂輔]

『梅田晴夫訳『人妻と麦藁帽子』(1948・世界文学社)』『梅田晴夫訳『ペリション氏の旅行記』(1949・世界文学社)』

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