[noun] A theory in medieval Western scholastic philosophy that asserts that universals such as genus and species are real, as opposed to nominalism, which holds that only particulars are real. This theory is divided into two. One is Platonic realism, which asserts that universals exist as prototypes prior to particulars, and that particulars exist only as copies of universals, and its main philosophers are Anselm and Eriugena. The other is Aristotelian realism, which asserts that universals do not exist apart from particulars, but are real within particulars. Realism. Conceptual realism. [The Fountain of New Terminology (1921)] Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information |
〘名〙 西洋中世のスコラ哲学で、個物のみを実在とする唯名論に対して、類・種のような普遍が実在であると主張する説。この説は二様に分かれる。一方は、普遍は個物に先だって原型として存在し、個物は普遍の模写としてのみ存在すると主張するプラトン風の実在論であり、その主な哲学者はアンセルムス、エリウゲナである。他方は、普遍は個物から離れて存在するのではなく、個物の中に実在すると主張するアリストテレス風の実在論である。実在論。概念実在論。〔新しき用語の泉(1921)〕
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