A viral disease of chickens, turkeys, etc. In 1926, an epidemic with a high mortality rate occurred in chickens, pheasants, and turkeys in Newcastle, England. It is caused by a virus and causes respiratory and neurological symptoms. In Japan, there was a widespread epidemic in 1954, and a highly pathogenic strain caused a nationwide epidemic from 1965 to 1967. Transmission is by contact and droplet infection. The incubation period is short, 2 to 3 days, and onset is at the latest in 5 to 6 days. When the virus enters the chicken's body, the respiratory tract and conjunctiva of the eyes undergo significant changes and the virus multiplies in those areas. The virus is then carried from the initial infection site through the bloodstream and multiplies throughout the body. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
ニワトリ,シチメンチョウなどのウイルス性疾病。イギリスのニューカスル地方で1926年に致死率の高いニワトリ,キジ,シチメンチョウに対する伝染病の発生があった。原因はウイルスで,呼吸器症状と神経症状を現す。日本でも54年に広範な流行があり,65‐67年には病原性の強い型が全国的に大流行した。 伝播(でんぱ)は接触,飛沫感染などによる。潜伏期は短く2~3日,おそくとも5~6日で発病する。ウイルスがニワトリ体内へ侵入すると呼吸器や眼結膜は著しい変化を呈し,その部位で増殖し,初感染部位より血流を介して全身にウイルスが運ばれ増殖する。
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