Jide

Japanese: ジッド

French author. His father was a professor at the University of Paris, and he grew up in a strict Protestant family. He was influenced by P. Louis and Valéry, and attended Mallarmé's Tuesday Society. In 1891, in his first work, The Notes of André Walter, he confessed his soul's tormented conflict between the body and the soul, but traveled to North Africa to seek liberation from the oppressiveness of morality. After writing Palude and Bread of the Earth (1897), he published The Immoralist (1902), The Narrow Gate, The Loophole of the Papacy (1914), and Pastoral Symphony (1919). He also played a leading role in the magazine NRF, which was founded in 1909. After completing the full-length novel The Counterfeiters (1926), which is said to be a pure novel, he visited Africa again and spoke enthusiastically about social issues in Voyage to the Congo (1927). In 1932 he declared his intention to join the Communist Party, but in 1936 he was disappointed by the current state of the Soviet Union and criticized it in Voyage to the Soviet Union. His critical essays include the famous On Dostoevsky, and his Diaries from 1889 are a record of his honest attitude toward life. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1947.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

フランスの作家。パリ大学教授を父とし，厳格なプロテスタントの家庭に育つ。P.ルイ，バレリーらの感化を受け，マラルメの火曜会にも出席。1891年に処女作《アンドレ・ワルテルの手記》で霊肉の相克に苦悩する魂を告白したが，道徳の息苦しさからの解放を求めて北アフリカに旅行。《パリュード》，《地の糧》（1897年）を経て《背徳者》（1902年），《狭き門》，《法王庁の抜け穴》（1914年），《田園交響楽》（1919年）などを発表。また1909年創刊の《NRF》誌で主導的役割を果たした。純粋小説といわれる長編《贋金(にせがね)作り》（1926年）を完成後，再びアフリカを訪れ，《コンゴ紀行》（1927年）で社会問題にも意欲的に発言し，1932年には共産党に入党を宣言したが，1936年にソ連の現状を見て失望し，《ソビエト紀行》で批判した。評論には名著《ドストエフスキー論》があり，また1889年以来の《日記》は誠実な人生態度の記録である。1947年ノーベル文学賞。
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