A French word generally referring to someone who tills the land, such as a farmer who makes furrows, a self-cultivating farmer, or a tenant farmer. During the period of the French absolute monarchy, the word came to mean one of the classes of farmers. The definition differs depending on the region, but in 17th century northern France, the term labourre referred to the middle peasant class or above who were able to expand their business mainly by renting land, and there was no distinction between self-cultivating farmer and tenant farmer. They owned at least one wheeled plough and two horses to pull it. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
一般に土地を耕す人をさすフランス語で,たとえば畝溝をつける農夫,自作農,小作農を意味する。フランス絶対王政期に入るとこの語は農民階層の一つを意味するようになった。地方によってその定義が異なるが,17世紀北フランスでは,中農以上の,主として借地で経営を拡大できた階層をラブルールとしており,自作農か小作農かの区別はみられない。彼らは少くとも1台の有輪犂をもち,それを引かせる馬2頭を所有していた。
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