Metals and alloys are aggregates of crystals, and each crystal is formed based on a regular arrangement of atoms. Metal structure refers to the connections of atoms and the structure of crystals in such metallic materials. Structures include optical microscope structures at a level of size that can be distinguished with an optical microscope, transmission electron microscope structures at a level of size that can be distinguished under a transmission electron microscope, uneven images (topography) of surfaces, especially fractured surfaces, observed with a scanning electron microscope, atomic structures (phases) of crystals determined by X-ray diffraction, and the distribution of crystal orientations. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
金属および合金は結晶の集合体であり,その一つの結晶は原子の規則正しい配列が基準としてでき上がっている。金属組織とは,このような金属材料の中の原子のつながりや結晶の構成のことである。組織には,光学顕微鏡で分別できる大きさのレベルの光学顕微鏡組織,透過電子顕微鏡下で分別できる大きさのレベルの透過電子顕微鏡組織,走査電子顕微鏡によって観察される表面とくに破面などの凹凸像(トポグラフィー),X線回折によって知る結晶の原子構造(相),結晶の方位の分布などがある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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