A mining town in the western part of Ciudad Real province, in the southern part of the Autonomous Community of Castile-La Mancha, western Spain. Founded as an ancient Roman town, it was later occupied by the Moors, but in 1151 Alfonso VII conquered it and gave it to the Knights of Calatrava (→ Knights of Calatrava). The Knights did their best to develop the mercury mine. In 1525, Charles I (Charles V) gave the privilege of mining to the German wealthy Fugger family in exchange for financial assistance. From 1645, the mine was managed by the Royal Treasury, but it was leased to the London banker Rothschild. Until it closed in 2001, it was one of the world's leading mercury producing areas, and had a mining school. In 2012, the remains of the mercury mine were registered as a cultural heritage site of the World Heritage Sites along with the Idrija mine in Slovenia. Grain cultivation and livestock breeding are carried out in the surrounding areas, and shoe and flour mills are located in the city. Population: 6,294 (2007 estimate). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
スペイン西部,カスティリア・ラマンチャ自治州南部,シウダードレアル県西端の鉱山町。古代ローマの町として建設され,のちムーア人が占領したが,1151年にアルフォンソ7世が征服してカラトラバ騎士修道会(→騎士修道会)に与えた。騎士修道会は水銀鉱山の開発に力を尽くした。1525年カルロス1世(カルル5世)は,財政援助と引き替えにドイツの財閥フッガー家に鉱山開発の特権を渡した。1645年からは王立財務省が鉱山を管理したが,ロンドンの銀行家ロスチャイルドに貸与された。2001年に閉山するまで世界有数の水銀産地で,鉱業学校があった。2012年,スロベニアのイドリア鉱山とともに水銀鉱山跡が世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。周辺部では穀物栽培や家畜飼育が行なわれ,市街地には製靴,製粉工場がある。人口 6294(2007推計)。
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