Tailor - Shitateya

A craftsman who repairs clothes by cutting, resewing, and patching. Also called a tailor or a tailor. In the late 15th century, in Kyoto, nuns and the children of nobles were hired as tailors to order. In the early modern period (17th century), professional tailors appeared, and men also began to do it. In a resident occupation, a master, both male and female, had several apprentices and assistant craftsmen. In addition to private businesses, some became apprentices at large kimono shops. In the late 19th century, the number of tailors for kimono shops and kimono wholesalers decreased, but apprentices at kimono shops and kimono wholesalers made not only custom-made items but also ready-made items. After World War II, they came to be called kimono tailors. If you pass the national exam run by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare and become a kimono dressmaker, you can sell tailoring as a professional with an advantage.

[Motoo Endo]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

衣服の裁ち縫い、縫直(ぬいなお)し、継ぎはぎなどの修理をする職人。仕立物師、仕立物屋ともいった。15世紀後半、京都では尼僧や公家(くげ)の子女が注文により仕立ての賃仕事を受けていた。近世（17世紀）に入ると専業者が生まれ、男性もするようになった。居職(いじょく)で、女性・男性とも親方1人が、何人かの内弟子、助(すけ)職人を抱えていた。個人経営のほかに、大きな呉服(ごふく)屋の下職となるものもできた。19世紀後半の近代からは、和服の仕立ては少なくなったが、呉服屋や呉服問屋の下職は注文品だけでなく既製品も仕立てた。第二次世界大戦後は和服仕立職人とよばれるようになった。厚生労働省の国家試験に合格して和裁技能士となればプロとして有利に仕立ての営業ができる。

［遠藤元男］

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