Magnetic - Immediate

Japanese: 磁気 - じき

The existence of natural magnets has been known since ancient times in Greece and China, and their properties were studied in a somewhat systematic way by the French monk P. Peregrinus (1269). However, scientific research into magnets and geomagnetism began with W. Gilbert, and the quantitative relationship between the forces acting between magnetic poles was established by Coulomb. The source of the force exerted by these magnetic poles is called magnetism, and was thought to be a kind of entity similar to electric charge. However, in the 19th century, the interaction between magnets and electric currents was discovered, and based on this, Ampère confirmed that circular currents and magnets are equivalent, and proposed the theory that the magnetic properties of substances are caused by tiny circular currents in molecules (1823). Since then, it has been accepted that magnetism is of electrical origin, and it is thought that the basic element is magnetic moment. However, in recent years, with the proposal of the Grand Unified Theory (elementary particle theory), the existence of magnetic monopoles, which correspond to electric charges, has been newly discussed, and although efforts have been made in various places to detect them, they have not yet been discovered. →Magnetic bodies→Related topicsMagnetic quantities

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

天然磁石の存在はギリシアや中国で古代から知られており，その性質はフランスの修道士P.ペレグリヌスによってやや組織的に研究された（1269年）。しかし磁石や地磁気の科学的研究はW.ギルバートから始まり，クーロンによって磁極の間に働く力の定量的関係が確立された。この磁極が及ぼす力の根源となるものが磁気と呼ばれ，電荷と同様な一種の実体と考えられた。しかし，19世紀に入って磁石と電流の相互作用が発見され，これに基づいてアンペールは円形電流と磁石が同等であることを確かめ，物質の磁気的性質は分子内の微小円形電流によって生ずるという説を立てた（1823年）。以後磁気は電気的起源のものであることが定説となり，基本的なものは磁気モーメントであると考えられている。しかし，近年になって大統一理論（素粒子論）の提唱により，電荷にあたる磁気単極子（モノポール）の存在が新たに議論されており，それを検出しようとする努力が各所でなされているが，まだ発見されていない。→磁性体
→関連項目磁気量

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