The University of Chicago

Japanese: シカゴ大学 - しかごだいがく(英語表記)The University of Chicago
The University of Chicago

A private university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. Founded in 1890 with donations from the Baptist Church and John D. Rockefeller, the university opened in 1992 with Yale University professor and Hebrew linguist William Rainy Harper (1856-1906) as its first president. Harper aimed to create a truly academic research-centered university, and tried to incorporate all activities considered to be higher education, such as undergraduate college education, graduate education, community service, and a university press. In 1929, education scholar Robert Maynard Hutchins (1899-1977), who became president at the age of 30, introduced a general education curriculum based on classics, established John Dewey's experimental school of education, created the quarter system, started public lectures and programs for adults, proposed junior colleges as pre-college education, and opened equal educational and employment opportunities for women, making the university a pioneer in American higher education.

Currently, the university has the Chicago College for undergraduate studies, four curatorial departments (biological sciences, humanities, physical sciences, and social sciences) common to both undergraduate and graduate programs, six professional schools (business, law, medicine, social work, theology, and public policy), and the Graham School of General Studies, which offers general education programs including business management for adults. The number of students at the graduate level is overwhelmingly greater than that of undergraduate programs. The university boasts a reputation as a prestigious private school in the Midwest comparable to the Ivy League in the East. As of 2003, the faculty is 2,160 and the student population is approximately 13,400 (approximately 4,400 undergraduate students).

[Katsuyuki Kitamura and Yumiko Sugiya]

[References] | Chicago | Dewey | Hutchins | Rockefeller

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

アメリカ合衆国イリノイ州シカゴにある私立大学。バプティスト教会とジョン・D・ロックフェラーの寄付により1890年に創設され、エール大学教授でヘブライ語学の権威のウィリアム・R・ハーパーWilliam Rainy Harper(1856―1906)を初代学長に迎えて、92年から開校された。ハーパーは真の学術研究中心大学の創造を目ざし、学部課程のカレッジ教育、大学院教育、地域社会奉仕、大学出版部など、高等教育の活動と考えられるものはすべて大学に取り込もうとした。1929年、30歳で学長になった教育学者ロバート・M・ハッチンズRobert Maynard Hutchins(1899―1977)の古典による一般教育カリキュラムの導入、ジョン・デューイの教育実験学校の設置、四学期制(クォーター制)の創始、成人のための公開講座やプログラムの開始、大学前期教育としてのジュニア・カレッジの考え方、女性に対する平等な教育や就職機会の開放などの点で、アメリカ高等教育の先駆けとなった。

 現在は学部課程のシカゴ・カレッジや、学部課程・大学院課程に共通の4分野(生物科学、人文科学、物理科学、社会科学)の学芸部門と、経営学、法律学、医学、社会事業学、神学、公共政策学の六つの専門職大学院(プロフェッショナル・スクール)、成人対象の経営など実学系プログラムも含む一般教養を学ぶグラハム・スクールGraham School of General Studiesを擁しており、学部課程よりも大学院レベルの学生数が圧倒的に多い。東部のアイビー・リーグと比肩される中西部の名門私学としての声価を誇っている。2003年現在、教員数2160人、学生数約1万3400人(学部課程の学生は約4400人)。

[喜多村和之・杉谷祐美子]

[参照項目] | シカゴ | デューイ | ハッチンズ | ロックフェラー

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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