Shiga Highlands

Japanese: 志賀高原 - しがこうげん
Shiga Highlands

Located in the northeastern part of Nagano Prefecture, bordering Gunma Prefecture, this plateau is the center of Joshinetsu Kogen National Park. It is an undulating plateau with an elevation of 1,300 to 2,000 meters, centered around Mt. Shiga (2,037 meters), and is surrounded by mountains such as Mt. Iwasuge (2,295 meters), Mt. Akaishi (2,109 meters), Mt. Yokote (2,305 meters), Mt. Gorin (1,620 meters), and Mt. Kasagatake (2,076 meters). Mt. Shiga is a volcano that erupted from a lake, and the lava flow that flowed out at that time formed the lava plateau that became Shiga Kogen. The depressions of the lava flow filled with water, forming a group of large and small lakes and marshes such as Onumaike, Biwaike, and Hasuike. The plateau has a cold, snowy climate, with snow reaching 2-3 metres in February and continuing to accumulate until April. In midsummer, the average high temperature is cool at around 22°C. Plants include silver fir, tsuga diversifolia, birch and beech. The primeval coniferous forests around Mt. Shiga and the birch trees in the area from Lake Biwa to Lotus Pond are particularly beautiful. There are also many stone pines at altitudes above 2000 metres, such as Mt. Iwasuge and Mt. Shiga, and on Mt. Iwasuge there are dicentra, black crowfoot and white mountain cherry trees. Animals that live here include Japanese serow and Asiatic black bears.

The history of development began at the end of the 18th century. During the Tenmei era (1781-1789), the Matsushiro Domain opened up the Tanohara area near Kido Pond. In 1802 (Kyowa 2), Hoppo Onsen was discovered, and at the end of the early modern period, the Kusatsu Road leading from Yamanouchi Town to Kusatsu Onsen was a busy road. Sakuma Shozan of the Matsushiro Domain at the end of the Edo period recommended the use of Kumanoyu. The plateau began to attract attention at the end of the Taisho era, when skiing became popular, and in the early Showa era, the Nagano Electric Railway began development, opening the Nagano-Yudanaka section. It was around this time that the area was named Shiga Kogen. After World War II, the ski boom led to great development, and development continued from Minami Shiga, the area around Yamada Onsen in the south, to Okushiga, an area centered around Iwasuyama in the north.

The plateau is blessed with a wide variety of tourist attractions, including over 70 large and small lakes, alpine plants, hot springs, and ski resorts. The opening of the Joshinetsu Expressway in recent years has made tourism more convenient. The Shiga-Kusatsu Toll Road runs through the center of the plateau, allowing access from both Nagano and Gunma prefectures. 70% of annual tourists are skiers.

[Hiroyoshi Kobayashi]

Shiga Highlands
In the winter, this area is crowded with skiers, but even in the snowless season, many people visit in search of nature. In the background is Mount Kasagatake, one of the symbols of Shiga Kogen. Yamanouchi Town, Shimotakai District, Nagano Prefecture ©Shogakukan ">

Shiga Highlands


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

長野県の北東部、群馬県に接し、上信越高原国立公園の中心をなす高原。志賀山(やま)(2037メートル)を中心とする標高1300~2000メートルの起伏の多い高原で、周囲は岩菅(いわすげ)山(2295メートル)、赤石山(2109メートル)、横手山(2305メートル)、五輪(ごりん)山(1620メートル)、笠(かさ)ヶ岳(2076メートル)などの山々に囲まれる。志賀山は湖中から噴出した火山で、その際流出した溶岩流によって形成された溶岩台地が志賀高原であり、溶岩流の窪地(くぼち)に湛水(たんすい)したのが大沼池、琵琶(びわ)池、蓮(はす)池などの大小の湖沼群である。高原の気候は多雪寒冷で、とくに2月は積雪が2、3メートルに及び、4月までは積雪がある。盛夏は最高気温の平均が22℃前後で涼しい。植物はシラビソ、コメツガやカンバ、ブナなどが多い。とくに志賀山を中心にした針葉樹の原生林や琵琶池から蓮池一帯のシラカバは美しい。岩菅山や志賀山など2000メートルを超えるとハイマツも多く、岩菅山にはコマクサ、ガンコウラン、ハクサンコザクラなどがある。動物ではカモシカ、ツキノワグマなども生息する。

 開発の歴史は18世紀末から始まる。天明(てんめい)年間(1781~1789)には木戸池近くの田ノ原が松代藩(まつしろはん)によって開田されたことがある。1802年(享和2)には発哺(ほっぽ)温泉が発見され、近世末は山ノ内町から草津温泉に通ずる草津道がにぎわった。幕末松代藩の佐久間象山(しょうざん)は熊ノ湯の利用を勧めている。高原が注目されるようになったのは大正末期からで、スキーが行われるようになり、昭和初年長野電鉄が開発を始め、長野―湯田中間が開通した。志賀高原と名づけられたのもこのころである。第二次世界大戦後はスキーブームとともに大きく発展し、南部の山田温泉一帯の南志賀、北部の岩菅山を中心とする地域の奥志賀まで開発が進んでいる。

 高原上の観光資源は多様で、大小70余の湖沼、高山植物、温泉などに恵まれ、スキー場などの施設も整備されている。近年の上信越道の開通により、観光利便は向上した。高原の中央を志賀草津有料道路が通り、長野、群馬両県から入ることができる。年間の観光客のうち70%はスキー客である。

[小林寛義]

志賀高原
冬季はスキー客でにぎわうこのあたりは、雪のないシーズンにも自然を求める多くの人たちが訪れる。後方は志賀高原のシンボルの一つ笠ヶ岳(笠岳)。長野県下高井郡山ノ内町©Shogakukan">

志賀高原


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Chicago School

>>:  Chicago - Shikago (English spelling) Chicago

Recommend

Toaster - toaster (English spelling)

An electric toast toaster. There are various type...

Hainan Bay

...Population: 47,195 (1995). Facing Kainan Bay (...

Malczewski, J.

…French Romanticism, especially the painter Piotr...

Tockus deckeni (English spelling)

… The breeding patterns of hornbill birds are uni...

Awata Moroe - Awata Moroe

?-? Empress of Emperor Junnin during the Nara per...

Idiopathic cardiomyopathy

…A general term for diseases that affect the myoc...

Glyoxylate cycle

A metabolic pathway found only in microorganisms ...

Enpukuji Temple

…Many temples were built in and around the capita...

Bow

...In Burma (now Myanmar), Malaysia and the Eskim...

Right to know

The right of access for citizens to freely obtain...

Time difference - JST

〘noun〙① The difference between true solar time (th...

Kamo Festival - Duck Festival

〘Noun〙 = Kamo (Kamo) Festival ※Ancient Tales (arou...

Hiratsuka [city] - Hiratsuka

A city in the central-southern part of Kanagawa Pr...

Onsuuritsu - Onsuuritsu

Inritsu means a musical rhythm in poetry or prose ...

Carlson, OB - Carlson

…An explosive whose main ingredient is ammonium p...