systematic management movement

...He criticized the foreman system that was created in this way as an all-purpose foreman system in which one person had to do everything but ultimately could not do anything well, and he proposed a functional foreman system in which the work that had previously been done by one foreman would be divided into functions and replaced by eight foremen.
[Emerging management issues]

[Systematic Management Movement]
It was in the 1880s that factory level management issues became the subject of conscious rationalization, when factory engineers in the eastern machinery industry, based in the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, attempted to improve factory management, and this was called the systematic management movement. For example, Henrey R. Towne argued in 1886 that factory management was as important to the success of industrial enterprises as engineering, and should be included as one of the modern technologies.

*Some of the terminology that refers to "systematic management movement" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…彼は，こうしてできた職長制度を，ありとあらゆることを1人でしなければならないが，結局はなにひとつ十分にできない万能式職長制度であると批判し，今まで1人の職長がやっていた仕事を職能別に分化させ8人の職長に代替させる職能的職長制を提案した。
【管理問題の登場】

［体系的管理運動］
　工場レベルでの管理問題を意識的に合理化の対象とするようになったのは1880年代，東部の機械工業において工場技師などが，アメリカ機械技師協会を拠点にして工場管理の改善を試みてからで，それは体系的管理運動systematic management movementと呼ばれた。たとえばタウンHenrey R.Towneは1886年，工場の管理は産業企業の成功にとって工学と同じように重要な意義をもっており，近代技術の一つに入れてしかるべきであると主張した。…

※「systematic management movement」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報