Timpani (singular timpano) from Italian

Japanese: ティンパニ - てぃんぱに(英語表記)timpani(単数形tinpano) イタリア語
Timpani (singular timpano) from Italian

A type of drum with a hemispherical body. It originates from the Nakkara, a pair of small, kettle-shaped drums from West Asia. It has been used in orchestras since the 17th century. Most drums are 58 to 76 centimeters in diameter, and it is customary to use two or more drums of different sizes side by side. Using only one drum is unusual, and it is normal to refer to it in the plural form.

They have a clear pitch, which can be adjusted within a range of about five degrees. They are 76 cm in diameter, and usually have a lowest note of D2 . The simplest hand-tuned timpanis change pitch by turning several handles around the body to change the tension of the membrane. Machine timpanis have a mechanism that allows the tension of the entire membrane to be adjusted by turning a single handle, while pedal timpanis are operated by pedals. The tone can be changed by using different sticks made of various materials, from hard to soft.

[Maekawa Haruhisa]

[Reference] | Nakkara
Timpani
Pedal timpani. From the left, diameter approx. 81.3-50.8cm ©Yamaha ">

Timpani

Names of the parts of the timpani
©Katsuya Nishikawa ">

Names of the parts of the timpani


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

半球形の胴をもつ太鼓の一種。西アジアの2個1組からなる小形の釜(かま)形太鼓ナッカーラに由来する。オーケストラでは、17世紀から使用されている。直径58~76センチメートルのものが多く用いられ、大きさの異なる2台以上を並べて使うのが通例である。1個だけを使うのは例外的であり、複数形でよぶのが普通。

 明確な音高をもち、それを5度程度の範囲で変えることができる。直径76センチメートルのもので、通常、D2が最低音である。もっとも単純な手締めティンパニは、胴の周囲の数本のハンドルを回して膜の張力を変えることで音高を変える。一つのハンドルを回すだけで膜全体の張力を調節できる機構をもつのがマシーン・ティンパニ、ペダル操作によるのがペダル・ティンパニである。硬軟さまざまな材質の桴(ばち)(スティック)を使い分けて音色を変える。

[前川陽郁]

[参照項目] | ナッカーラ
ティンパニ
ペダル・ティンパニ。左から径約81.3~50.8cm©ヤマハ">

ティンパニ

ティンパニの各部名称
©西川勝也">

ティンパニの各部名称


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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