If the budget for a certain fiscal year is not passed by the start of the fiscal year, the government is not allowed to make any expenditures until the budget is passed. However, it would be extremely inconvenient for the government to stop its activities, so the minimum necessary expenditures should be allowed even if the main budget is not passed. In such a case, the provisional budget is the budget that allows the minimum necessary government expenditures from the start of the fiscal year until the main budget is passed (Financial Law, Article 30). Since the provisional budget is still a budget, it is prepared in accordance with the main budget and requires the Diet to approve it. However, the provisional budget is a "stopgap" budget that will lose its effect if the main budget for the fiscal year is passed later, and when the main budget is passed, all expenditures and debts made up to that point will be absorbed into the main budget and will be considered to have been made based on the main budget. There are no legal restrictions on the contents of the provisional budget, but by its nature, it is usually limited to the standard expenses of national institutions and new items are not taken up. [Masatoshi Hayashi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ある年度の予算が、会計年度開始までに成立しない場合には、原則的には予算の成立するまでは政府はいかなる支出もすることを許されない。しかし政府の活動が停止することはきわめて不都合であり、必要最小限の支出については本予算が成立しない場合にも認めるべきである。このような場合に、会計年度の開始から本予算の成立するまでの期間にわたって、必要最小限の政府支出を許容する予算が暫定予算である(財政法30条)。暫定予算も予算であることには変わりはないから、予算に準じて作成し、国会の議決を要する。ただ暫定予算は、のちに当該年度の本予算が成立すれば効力を失う「つなぎ」の予算であり、本予算成立の暁には、それまでに行われた支出や債務の負担はすべて本予算に吸収され、本予算に基づいて行われたものとみなされる。暫定予算の内容については別に法律上の制限はないが、その性質上、国家諸機関の基準的経費だけに限られ、新規事項は取り上げられないのが通例である。 [林 正寿] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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