Nicaraguan nationalist who fought against the US military occupation. Born as an illegitimate child of a coffee landowner and a farmer in Niquinomo, a small village near Granada, he worked as a farm laborer and other jobs until he went to Tampico, Mexico in 1925, where he experienced the atmosphere of the Mexican Revolution and returned to the US the following year. After returning to the US, he gathered a private army and joined the Liberal Party, which was fighting against the government forces, and became a general. Even after a ceasefire was mediated by the US government, he declared that he would fight the US forces as long as they were stationed in the country, and fought a guerilla warfare under the name of the National Sovereignty Defense Force from 1927 until the US troops withdrew in 1933. He agreed to peace after the US troops withdrew, but was assassinated by A. Somoza, who later became Nicaragua's dictator. The revolutionary movement that overthrew the Somoza dictatorship in 1979 is called the Sandinista movement after him. [Yuzo Kamo] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
アメリカの軍事占領に抵抗して闘ったニカラグアの民族主義者。グラナダ市近くの小村ニキノオモで、コーヒー地主の父親と農婦との間の私生児として生まれた。成人して農業労働者などの職を転々としたのち、1925年メキシコのタンピコに行き、メキシコ革命後の雰囲気に接して翌年帰国した。帰国後私兵を結集して、政府軍と闘っていた自由党軍に参加し将軍となった。アメリカ政府の調停で休戦が成立したのちも、アメリカ軍がこの国に駐留している限り彼らと闘うと宣言し、民族主権防衛軍を名のって、27年からアメリカ軍が撤退する33年までゲリラ戦で闘った。アメリカ軍撤退後和平に応じたが、後のニカラグアの独裁者A・ソモサにより謀殺された。79年にソモサ独裁政権を倒した革命運動は、彼の名をとってサンディニスタ運動とよばれる。 [加茂雄三] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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