Residual soil

Japanese: 残積土壌 - ざんせきどじょう（英語表記）residual soil

This refers to soil that developed from weathered materials that formed from consolidated rocks and remained in place with little movement. It is called this in contrast to accumulation soil, which developed from materials that were moved and deposited. Residual soil often strongly reflects the characteristics of the parent rock. Generally, residual soil is traced downward through weathered or crushed materials of the bedrock from which the soil originated, until it reaches a hard bedrock layer. However, in the mountains and hills of Japan, due to the steep slopes, the soil layer often moves along the slope, so it is necessary to be careful when determining whether the soil originated from the bedrock directly below.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

固結した岩石から生成した風化物が，ほとんど移動することなくその場にとどまっているものから発達した土壌をいう。移動堆積した材料から発達した運積土壌と対置させて呼ばれる。残積土壌は母岩の特徴を色濃く反映していることが多い。一般に残積土壌は，下方へたどると土壌が由来した基岩の風化物または破砕物をへて，硬い基岩層に行き当たる。ただ日本の山地，丘陵地では，急な傾斜のため，土層は斜面に沿って移動している場合が多いので，土壌がその直下の基岩に由来したかどうかの判断は慎重を要する。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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